Iluzia necesară a (dez)informării

Authors

  • Ion Indolean Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca

Keywords:

Roger Ailes, Manipulation

Abstract

The necessary illusion of (mis)information
"The launch of the miniseries “The Loudest Voice” (Tom McCarthy, Alex Metcalf) in the summer of 2019 draws the attention once again to the manipulative power of mass media. The production presented by Showtime in 2019 and taken over by HBO stirred an important interest, due to the subject it presents, namely the way in which in the mid-90s the Republican Roger Ailes built and consolidated on the American media market the Fox News television channel, through a radical approach, very politically engaged and, as later proved, immoral and sexist, toxic. The miniseries was produced at the same time as Ailes was accused, in 2016, of sexual abuse and harassment by former employees of the station, and at the time of his death, a year later, in 2017.
These two controversial topics attract the interest of the current world establishment, which offered the Golden Globe to Russell Crowe for his role in “The Loudest Voice“ and nominated Charlize Theron and Margot Robbie for the Oscars based on their performances in “Bombshell”, a film that also appeared in 2019 and dealt with the same subject, but from the perspective of the female colleagues harassed by Ailes.
Linking the ideas expressed by Noam Chomsky in the '80s and '90s and the way “The Loudest Voice” treats the illusion that the press often builds, I aim to follow the way the process of media manipulation is refined in time and becomes the main tool of the current political competition. It is extremely interesting the way in which, in just a few generations, the content of a debate no longer matters, but the performative act itself."

References

REFERINȚE

AILES, Roger şi KRAUSHAR, Jon, 2012. You Are The Message, New York: Crown Business.

BROCK, David şi RABIN-HAVT, Ari, 2012. The Fox Effect: How Roger Ailes Turned a Network into a Propaganda Machine, New York: Anchor Books.

CHOMSKY, Noam, 1989. Necessary Illusions. Thought Control in Democratic Societies, London: Pluto Press.

CHOMSKY, Noam şi HERMAN S. Edward, 1988. Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon Books.

DELLAVIGNA, Stefano şi KAPLAN, Ethan. The Fox News Effect: Media Bias and Voting. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 122, Issue 3, August 2007, p. 1187–1234.

SHERMAN, Gabriel, 2014. The Loudest Voice in the Room: How the Brilliant, Bombastic Roger Ailes Built Fox News-and Divided a Country, New York: Random House.

Articole de presă:

ALBRECHT, Michael, JUNCK, Ryan, MCGOLDRICK, Vanessa, ROBERTSON, Elizabeth, şi SÈVE, Margot, 2021. Impact of Brexit on UK and EU Sanctions Frameworks [online]. JD Supra. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/impact-of-brexit-on-uk-and-eu-sanctions-7672025/

BYERS, Dylan, 2017. One year after Roger Ailes' departure, Fox News thrives as an unabashed Trump booster [online]. CNN Business. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://money.cnn.com/2017/07/21/media/fox-news-roger-ailes-donald-trump/index.html

CARLSON, Tucker, 2021. From Twitter to CNN, the left is coming for your speech [online]. Fox News. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/tucker-carlson-on-twitter-and-cnn

C.I., 2012. Antenele - scoase oficial din grila RCSRDS pe platforma de satelit Digi [online]. HotNews. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://m.hotnews.ro/stire/12340301

C.I., 2012. UPDATE Antena 1, Antena 3 si Euforia ies din grila RCSRDS pe platforma de satelit Digi care are peste 1,1 milioane de abonati. Intact: RCSRDS dovedeste rea credinta [online]. HotNews. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://m.hotnews.ro/stire/12044702

DICKINSON, Tim, 2011. How Roger Ailes Built the Fox News Fear Factory [online]. Rolling Stone. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/how-roger-ailes-built-the-fox-news-fear-factory-244652/

ECONOMY, Elizabeth C., HUANG, Yanzhong, COHEN, Jerome A., SEGAL, Adam şi GEWIRTZ, Julian, 2020. How 2020 Shaped U.S.-China Relations [online]. Council on Foreing Relations. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.cfr.org/article/how-2020-shaped-us-china-relations

FILIPOVIC, Jill, 2020. Fox News Has Manufactured a Boomer War Against Millennials [online]. Gen. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://gen.medium.com/fox-news-has-manufactured-a-boomer-war-against-millennials-b8a54ee9fbaf

GILBERT, Sophie, 2017. Get Me Roger Stone Profiles the Man Who Created President Trump [online]. The Atlantic. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/05/get-me-roger-stone-donald-trump-netflix/526296/

HILL, McGraw, 2015. Presidential Politics, 20th Century Style [online]. Internet Archive. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://web.archive.org/web/20150818034233/http://www.mhhe.com/socscience/comm/wilson5/politics_chapter/prez09.html

HOT NEWS, 2014. Traian Basescu: Victor Viorel, iti spun de acum: Or sa primeasca Finantele camioane de facturi pentru oameni care nu au alimentat niciodata/ Daca Ponta nu intelege de unde poate reduce cheltuieli, sint gata sa-i arat in 30 de minute [online]. HotNews. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-16941067-traian-basescu-sustine-luni-declaratie-presa-ora-15-00.htm

IMDB, s.a. Get Me Roger Stone [online]. IMDb Quotes. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6714534/quotes/

KIRSCHNER, Noelani, 2021. U.S. sanctions on Venezuela explained [online]. Share America – U.S. Department of State’s platform for communicating American foreign policy worldwide. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://share.america.gov/u-s-sanctions-venezuela-explained/

KURTZ, Howard, 2000. Bush Cousin Made Florida Vote Call For Fox News [online]. The Washington Post. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2000/11/14/bush-cousin-made-florida-vote-call-for-fox-news/68c8b308-d61e-460f-a4d8-f98371aeab5f/

LEPORE, Jill, 2014. Bad News. The reputation of Roger Ailes [online]. The New Yorker. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/01/20/bad-news-11

NELSON, L. Jacob, 2019. What is Fox News? Researchers want to know [online]. Columbia Journalism Review. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.cjr.org/tow_center/fox-news-partisan-progaganda-research.php

OHLHEISER, Abby, 2017. The woman behind ‘Me Too’ knew the power of the phrase when she created it — 10 years ago [online]. The Washington Post. [Accesat 21 noiembrie 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2017/10/19/the-woman-behind-me-too-knew-the-power-of-the-phrase-when-she-created-it-10-years-ago/

PONIEWOZIK, James, 2020. Donald Trump Was the Real Winner of The Apprentice [online]. The New York Times. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/28/arts/television/trump-taxes-apprentice.html

RENATA, Carla, s.a. Why All Politicians Scream Get Me Roger Stone [online]. The Curvy Film Critic. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://thecurvyfilmcritic.com/why-all-politicians-scream-get-me-roger-stone/

ROTTEN TOMATOES, s.a. The Loudest Voice: Season 1, Critics Consensus [online]. Rotten Tomatoes. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/the_loudest_voice/s01

STELTER, Brian, 2020. How Fox News has changed in the four years since Roger Ailes was ousted [online]. CNN Business. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/22/media/fox-news-trump-roger-ailes-four-years-later/index.html

STONE, Roger, 2018. Stone's Rules: How to Win at Politics, Business, and Style [online]. Good Reads. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/61854942-stone-s-rules-how-to-win-at-politics-business-and-style

TAIBBI, Matt, 2015. Donald Trump Claims Authorship of Legendary Reagan Slogan; Has Never Heard of Google [online]. Rolling Stone. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/donald-trump-claims-authorship-of-legendary-reagan-slogan-has-never-heard-of-google-193834/

TĂPĂLAGĂ, Dan, 2019. Ce se întâmplă la Digi24. Cartelizarea televiziunilor de știri [online]. G4 Media. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.g4media.ro/ce-se-intampla-la-digi24-cartelizarea-televiziunilor-de-stiri.html

Surse video:

Get Me Roger Stone, 2017 [film]. Regizori: Dylan BANK, Daniel DIMAURO, Morgan PEHME. SUA, Netflix.

The Loudest Voice, 2019 [mini-serie]. Creatori: Tom MCCARTHY, Alex METCALF. SUA, Showtime.

YOUTUBE, 2010. Interview with Roger Ailes, president of Fox News Channel, canalul Youtube Hoover Institution. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=lHYa9IupxRs&ab_channel=HooverInstitution

YOUTUBE, 2012. Noam Chomsky Necessary Illusions, Apr 11 1989, American University | Institute for Policy Studies, canalul Youtube TheEthanwashere, Jul 17, 2012. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=wi1WVEhlMh0&ab_channel=TheEthanwashere

YOUTUBE, 2014. Gabriel Sherman The Loudest Voice in the Room, canalul Youtube Politics and Prose. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=ehtku6qCM90&ab_channel=PoliticsandProse

YOUTUBE, 2015. Noam Chomsky - Manufacturing Consent, canalul Youtube Chomsky's Philosophy. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=tTBWfkE7BXU&ab_channel=Chomsky%27sPhilosophy

YOUTUBE, 2016. Morning Meeting, 4/17/15: Roger Ailes, Chairman and CEO, FOX News, canalul Youtube The Taft School. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=oW-bT_2u_u8&ab_channel=TheTaftSchool

YOUTUBE, 2016. Roger Ailes Resigns From Fox News, canalul Youtube ABC News. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=0ltsI5ZHpO4&ab_channel=ABCNews

YOUTUBE, 2017. Noam Chomsky – The 5 Filters of the Mass Media Machine, canalul Youtube Al Jazeera English. [Accesat 5 mai 2021]. Disponibil la: https://www.Youtube.com/watch?v=34LGPIXvU5M&ab_channel=AlJazeeraEnglish

Published

2021-12-01

How to Cite

Indolean, I. (2021) “Iluzia necesară a (dez)informării”, Symbolon, 22(2 (41), pp. 61–77. Available at: http://uartpress.ro/journals/index.php/symbolon/article/view/269 (Accessed: 7 October 2024).

Issue

Section

Articles